Bow Legs
What are Bow Legs?
Bow legs (genu varum) is a condition where a child’s legs curve outward at the knees, creating a wider gap than normal between the knees and legs. This is often noticeable when the child stands with their feet and ankles together, giving their legs an “O” shape. Bow legs commonly occur in infants aged 12 to 18 months and can affect one or both knees. Typically, this condition resolves on its own by the time the child is 3 or 4 years old, and it is generally painless.
Causes of Bow Legs
Bow legs in infants can occur when a baby’s legs are slightly twisted in the womb. Other potential causes include:
- Blount’s disease
- Bone dysplasia
- Dwarfism
- Infection or injury
- Rickets
- Paget’s disease
Signs of Bow Legs
The most noticeable sign of bowed legs is the appearance of the child’s legs. For children with bowed legs, their knees do not touch when standing with their feet and ankles together. Other signs may include:
- Difficulty walking or running
- Knee or hip pain not related to an injury
- Knee instability
When Should I Seek Medical Help?
If you notice the condition persists beyond the age of 3, it is advisable to seek medical assistance for a proper diagnosis and guidance on an appropriate treatment plan.
Treatment Options
Bow legs in babies and toddlers aged 2 years typically resolve on their own. However, treatment may be recommended if the condition is severe. Some treatment options include:
- Bracing
- Splints
- Casting
Surgery may be recommended if the condition persists even with conservative methods. Surgical options include:
1. Guided growth
This procedure involves placing a metal plate or staple in your child’s leg to temporarily halt growth on the healthy side of the shin bone. This allows the affected side to catch up, enabling the leg to straighten with natural growth.
2. Tibial osteotomy
During this procedure, a surgeon will cut the shin bone below the knee and reshape it to correct the alignment. Once the bone has healed, it will be secured in place with a plate and screws inside the leg.