Hip Specialist in Singapore:
Comprehensive Care for Hip Conditions

Hip pain may affect daily activities such as walking, climbing stairs, or prolonged sitting. Symptoms can range from a gradual ache that develops over time to more sudden discomfort that limits movement.

While minor strains may improve with rest, persistent or worsening symptoms may warrant medical assessment. An orthopaedic surgeon can evaluate your condition, determine possible underlying causes, and discuss appropriate management options based on your individual circumstances.

Dr Zackary Chua

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon (Adult & Paeds)

MBBS (Aus)MMed (SG)MRCS (Glasgow)FRCSEd (Orth)

human spine toy model on the table professional d 2026 01 08 23 45 21 utc

Hip Specialist in Singapore: Comprehensive Care for Hip Conditions

Types Causes & Risks Symptoms When to see a Doctor Diagnosis Treatment Complications Prevention FAQ Conclusion

What Does a Hip Specialist Treat?

A hip specialist is an orthopaedic surgeon trained in diagnosing and managing conditions affecting the hip joint.

The hip is a weight-bearing ball-and-socket joint, where the femoral head (ball) fits into the acetabulum (socket) of the pelvis. This structure allows a wide range of motion while supporting body weight during movement. Due to its mechanical demands, the hip may be affected by degenerative changes, injuries, or inflammatory conditions.

Hip conditions commonly managed include:

Osteoarthritis (gradual wear of joint cartilage)
Hip fractures
Labral tears (injury to the cartilage rim surrounding the socket)
Hip impingement (abnormal contact between parts of the hip joint)
Bursitis (inflammation of fluid-filled sacs that cushion the joint)
Tendinitis (inflammation of tendons around the hip)
Certain developmental hip conditions

Management may involve non-surgical treatments such as physiotherapy, medication, or injections. Surgical procedures may be considered where clinically appropriate, depending on the specific diagnosis, symptom severity, and overall health factors.

Common Hip Conditions

Hip Osteoarthritis

Hip osteoarthritis involves gradual wear of the cartilage that cushions the hip joint. As cartilage thins over time, joint surfaces may experience increased friction, which can contribute to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.

It is more commonly seen in older adults, though it may occur earlier in individuals with prior hip injuries or certain risk factors. Symptoms often develop gradually and may include groin discomfort that sometimes radiates to the thigh or knee. Stiffness after periods of rest and difficulty with activities such as putting on shoes are frequently reported.

Hip Fractures

Hip fractures are injuries involving a break in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone). They occur more commonly in older adults, particularly those with osteoporosis, a condition in which bones become less dense and more fragile.

These fractures are often associated with falls but may also occur after relatively minor trauma in individuals with weakened bone structure. Management depends on the type and severity of the fracture, overall health status, and mobility needs. In many cases, surgical treatment may be considered.

Hip fractures are an importanthealthcare concern in an ageing population, including in Singapore.

Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)

FAI occurs when there is abnormal contact between the bones forming the hip joint due to structural variations. Over time, this contact may affect joint movement and contribute to cartilage or labral changes (damage to the ring of cartilage that lines and stabilises the hip socket).

FAI is often diagnosed in younger or active individuals who experience hip pain during bending, squatting, or twisting movements. Early assessment can help determine appropriate management options based on the severity of symptoms and imaging findings.

Labral Tears

The labrum is a ring of cartilage that lines the rim of the hip socket, contributing to joint stability and cushioning. Labral tears may occur due to trauma, repetitive movement, or underlying structural differences in the hip.

Symptoms can include hip pain, as well as clicking, locking, or catching sensations during movement.

Hip Bursitis

Hip bursitis involves inflammation of one of the bursae —small fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between tissues around the joint. Trochanteric bursitis, affecting the outer part of the hip, is a commonly reported type.

Avascular Necrosis

Avascular necrosis, also known as osteonecrosis, occurs when the blood supply to the femoral head becomes reduced. Over time, this may affect bone integrity and joint function.

Risk factors include prolonged corticosteroid use, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medical conditions, and previous hip injury. Early diagnosis allows discussion of suitable management strategies based on disease stage and individual factors.

Causes of Hip Conditions

Hip conditions may arise from a variety of underlying factors, including:

Degenerative changes: Gradual wear of cartilage and joint structures over time
Traumatic injuries: Falls, sports injuries, or accidents that may result in fractures, dislocations, or soft tissue injury
Structural abnormalities: Congenital or developmental hip disorders affecting hip joint alignment
Inflammatory conditions: Rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases (conditions in which the immune system affects joint tissues)
Infection: Septic arthritis, which occurs when bacteria enter the joint
Reduced blood supply: Conditions that affect circulation to the femoral head
Overuse: Repetitive stress from occupational or sporting activities

Risk Factors

Certain factors are associated with a higher likelihood of developing hip-related conditions:

Age: The incidence of hip osteoarthritis and fractures tends to increase with advancing age
Gender: Women have higher reported rates of hip osteoarthritis and fractures, particularly after menopause
Obesity: Excess body weight may place additional mechanical stress on the hip joints
Previous hip injury: Prior trauma may be associated with later joint changes
Family history: Genetic factors may contribute to susceptibility to certain hip conditions
Occupation: Roles involving heavy lifting, prolonged standing, or repetitive hip movement
Sports participation: High-impact activities or repetitive hip motions
Bone density: Reduced bone density, such as in osteoporosis, is associated with a higher risk of fractures
Lifestyle factors: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption may affect bone and joint health

Signs and Symptoms of Hip Problems

Mild Symptoms

Occasional stiffness in the hip, particularly in the morning or after sitting
Mild discomfort in the groin, outer hip, or thigh during or after activity
Slight reduction in hip flexibility or range of motion
Intermittent aching that improves with rest
Minor clicking or popping sensations without associated pain

At this stage, symptoms may be subtle and are sometimes attributed to ageing or activity-related strain. Some individuals choose to monitor these symptoms before seeking medical advice.

Moderate Symptoms

Persistent pain affecting activities like walking or climbing stairs
Noticeable limping or altered gait patterns (changes in walking pattern)
Discomfort that affects sleep, particularly when lying on the affected side
Difficulty with movements requiring hip flexibility (e.g., putting on socks or shoes)
Stiffness lasting longer after periods of inactivity
Pain radiating from the groin to the front of the thigh
Reduced participation in exercise or recreational activities

These symptoms may suggest increased joint involvement. Medical assessment can help clarify the underlying cause and discuss appropriate management options.

Severe Symptoms

Ongoing pain present even at rest
Marked limitation in walking distance or standing tolerance
Significant stiffness with reduced hip mobility
Difficulty performing basic daily activities independently
Night discomfort that frequently interrupts sleep
Visible changes in leg alignment or perceived leg length difference
Avoidance of weight-bearing on the affected leg

More advanced symptoms may substantially affect mobility and daily function. Assessment by a healthcare professional can help determine the underlying cause and available management approaches.

Experiencing hip pain or stiffness?

Consider consulting our orthopaedic surgeon for evaluation and discussion of appropriate management options.

Book Appointment

When to See a Hip Specialist

Knowing when to seek medical assessment for hip symptoms can help clarify the cause and discuss appropriate management options. You may consider consulting a hip specialist if you experience:

Hip pain persisting for more than two weeks despite rest and self-care measures
Pain that interferes with sleep or daily activities
Sudden onset of significant hip pain, particularly after a fall or injury
Difficulty bearing weight on the affected leg
Visible swelling, redness, or warmth around the hip
Fever accompanying hip pain
Symptoms that gradually worsen over time
Hip pain affecting your ability to work or participate in usual activities

Medical assessment allows for a clearer understanding of the underlying condition and discussion of suitable management approaches.

During your first consultation, our orthopaedic surgeon may review your symptoms, medical history, and relevant risk factors. A physical examination is typically performed to assess your hip movement, strength, and stability. Based on clinical findings, imaging or other investigations may be recommended where appropriate.

Diagnosis and Testing Methods

Clinical Examination

A detailed physical examination is an important component of hip assessment. The orthopaedic surgeon may evaluate your gait, posture, and leg alignment.

Specific tests are performed to assess hip range of motion, muscle strength, and joint stability. Certain manoeuvres may help identify features suggestive of conditions such as labral tears or FAI.

Assessment may also include examination of the lower back and knee, as symptoms arising from these areas can sometimes be perceived as hip pain.
Imaging Studies
- X-rays are commonly used as an initial imaging test to assess hip anatomy. They show bone structure, joint space changes, bone spurs, and fractures. Weight-bearing X-rays may be performed to evaluate the joint under load.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides detailed visualisation of soft tissues, including cartilage, the labrum, tendons, and ligaments. MRI may be used to evaluate suspected labral tears, early avascular necrosis, or soft tissue injury.
- Computed Tomography (CT) scans generate detailed images of bone and may be considered in cases of complex fractures, preoperative planning, or detailed assessment of hip anatomy.
- Ultrasound allows real-time evaluation of tendons and bursae and may be used to guide certain diagnostic or therapeutic injections.
Additional Investigations
- Bone density scanning (DEXA) may be recommended for individuals with fractures or those at risk of osteoporosis. These scans measure bone mineral density (the amount of minerals, mainly calcium, in your bones) and help evaluate overall bone health.
- Blood tests may be performed to assess for inflammatory conditions, infection, or metabolic factors that could affect the hip.
- Diagnostic injections using local anaesthetic may help determine whether symptoms originate from the hip joint or surrounding structures.

Imaging results are usually reviewed during a follow-up consultation, where the orthopaedic surgeon will explain the findings and discuss appropriate management options based on your individual condition.

Treatment Options Overview

Conservative Management

Conservative (non-surgical) management is commonly considered for many hip conditions, particularly in earlier or milder stages. Rest and activity modification may help reduce stress on the affected joint. Physiotherapy may be recommended, with exercises aimed at strengthening supporting muscles, improving flexibility, and optimising joint mechanics.

Weight management may be discussed where relevant, as excess body weight can increase mechanical load on the hip joint.

Assistive devices, such as walking sticks or frames, may be recommended

Medications

Medications may be used to help manage hip pain or inflammation, depending on the underlying condition and individual health profile:

Simple analgesics such as paracetamol may be used for mild to moderate pain
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help address both pain and inflammation, though suitability depends on individual medical history
For inflammatory arthritis affecting the hip, a rheumatologist (a doctor specialising in joint and connective tissue conditions) may prescribe disease-modifying medications in coordination with the orthopaedic surgeon
Topical preparations, such as anti-inflammatory gels, may provide localised symptom relief

Injection Therapies

Corticosteroid injections involve administering anti-inflammatory medication into the hip joint or surrounding structures. These injections may help reduce inflammation and can also assist in clarifying whether symptoms originate from the joint.

Viscosupplementation involves injecting hyaluronic acid (a substance that contributes to joint lubrication) into the joint. It may be considered in selected patients with osteoarthritis.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections use components derived from the patient’s own blood. Research into its role in hip conditions is ongoing, and suitability varies between individuals.

Arthroscopic Procedures

Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique (using small incisions and a camera to visualise the joint). It may be performed to address labral tears, remove loose bodies, treat certain cartilage conditions, or correct structural impingement.

Recovery timelines vary depending on the specific procedure and individual factors.

Joint Preservation Surgery

In selected patients, joint-preserving procedures may be considered with the aim of addressing structural abnormalities while maintaining the natural hip joint. These procedures may involve bone realignment or repair of damaged tissues.

Periacetabular osteotomy, for example, repositions the hip socket in patients with hip dysplasia to improve femoral head coverage and joint mechanics. Suitability depends on factors such as age, joint condition, and overall health status.

Hip Replacement Surgery

Hip replacement surgery involves removing damaged joint surfaces and replacing them with artificial components. It may be considered for patients with advanced hip arthritis or certain fractures when non-surgical measures no longer provide sufficient symptom control.

Hip replacement may help reduce pain and improve joint function in appropriately selected patients, although outcomes vary based on individual factors such as overall health, activity level, and rehabilitation. Options include total hip replacement (replacement of both the ball and socket components) and partial hip replacement (replacement of only the affected portion). The choice depends on the specific diagnosis and extent of joint involvement.

The decision to proceed with hip replacement is made after considering symptom severity, functional impact, overall medical condition, and patient preferences.

Revision Surgery

For patients with hip replacements who develop complications such as loosening, wear, or infection, revision surgery may be considered. These procedures are typically more complex than primary hip replacement and require careful individual assessment.

Everyone experiences symptoms differently.

Our orthopaedic surgeon can assess your individual condition and discuss suitable management options based on your specific needs.

Schedule Consultation

Complications if Left Untreated

Hip conditions may change over time, and in some individuals, symptoms can become more persistent or limiting without appropriate evaluation. The extent and pace of progression vary depending on the underlying condition and individual factors.

Arthritis Changes: Cartilage loss associated with osteoarthritis may gradually increase over time. In some cases, this may result in increased discomfort, stiffness, or functional limitation.
Secondary Joint Strain: Changes in walking pattern due to hip pain may alter how weight is distributed across the lower back, knees, or opposite hip. Over time, this altered biomechanics may contribute to discomfort in these areas.
Fracture-Related Complications: Hip fractures generally require medical assessment. Without appropriate management, complications such as improper bone healing or persistent functional limitation may occur.
Structural Conditions (e.g. Impingement): Conditions such as FAI involve altered joint mechanics. In some individuals, ongoing mechanical stress may be associated with cartilage or labral changes over time.
Impact on daily function: Persistent hip pain may affect mobility, activity participation, sleep quality, and overall well-being. The degree of impact varies between individuals.

Prevention and Joint Health

While not all hip conditions can be prevented, certain lifestyle measures may support joint health and overall musculoskeletal well-being:

Maintain a healthy weight: Keeping body weight within a healthy range may reduce mechanical load on the hip joints.
Stay physically active: Regular low-impact exercise may help strengthen muscles supporting the hip and maintain flexibility. Activities such as swimming, cycling, and walking are commonly recommended options.
Build muscle strength: Strong hip and core muscles contribute to joint stability and may help distribute forces more evenly across the joint.
Practise proper technique: Using appropriate form during exercise or occupational tasks may reduce unnecessary strain on the hip.
Prevent falls: For older adults, fall prevention strategies may include regular vision checks, reviewing medications that affect balance, reducing home hazards, and incorporating balance exercises where appropriate.
Support bone health: Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, weight-bearing exercise, and appropriate management of osteoporosis may contribute to maintaining bone health.
Avoid smoking: Smoking is associated with reduced circulation and may affect bone and tissue health.
Seek timely medical advice: Early assessment of persistent hip symptoms allows for discussion of suitable management options based on individual needs.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if my hip pain is serious enough to see a specialist?

You may consider specialist assessment if hip pain persists beyond two weeks despite rest, interferes with daily activities or sleep, or is associated with symptoms such as difficulty bearing weight, noticeable swelling, or fever. Sudden severe pain following an injury should also be medically assessed. Our orthopaedic surgeon can evaluate your symptoms and advise whether further investigation or treatment is appropriate.

How long does recovery take after hip replacement surgery?

Recovery timelines vary depending on the type of procedure performed, surgical approach, and individual health factors. Our orthopaedic surgeon will provide guidance tailored to your circumstances, including advice on rehabilitation and resumption of activities.

Are there non-surgical treatments that can help avoid hip replacement?

Many hip conditions may be managed without surgery, particularly in earlier stages. Non-surgical options may include physiotherapy, weight management, activity modification, medications, or injections, depending on the diagnosis.

For certain structural conditions, minimally invasive arthroscopic procedures may be considered in selected patients. When symptoms remain persistent despite non-surgical management and significantly affect daily function, hip replacement may be discussed as one of the available treatment options. Suitability depends on individual factors.

What should I bring to my first consultation with a hip specialist?

Bring any prior imaging studies (e.g., X-rays or MRI scans), along with reports if available. A list of current medications, relevant medical history, and questions you wish to discuss can be helpful. If your symptoms relate to a workplace injury or accident, relevant documentation may also be required. Wearing comfortable clothing that allows examination of the hip is advisable.

How successful is hip replacement surgery?

Hip replacement is a commonly performed orthopaedic procedure. Many patients report improvement in pain and function after surgery, although outcomes vary depending on individual health factors, activity levels, and adherence to rehabilitation. Your orthopaedic surgeon can discuss expected outcomes and potential risks specific to your condition.

Can younger patients undergo hip replacement?

While hip replacement has traditionally been more common in older adults, it may be considered in younger individuals in selected circumstances. Younger patients often have higher activity demands, which may influence implant longevity and the potential need for future revision procedures. Joint-preserving options may be discussed where appropriate. Decisions are made after careful consideration of symptoms, expectations, and available alternatives.

What activities can I do after hip treatment?

Activity recommendations depend on your diagnosis and the type of treatment performed. After conservative management or arthroscopy, gradual return to activities may be possible once recovery milestones are met, though modifications may be advised.

Following hip replacement, low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, and cycling are commonly recommended. Activities involving high impact or significant fall risk may be limited. Our orthopaedic surgeon will provide personalised guidance based on your recovery and lifestyle goals.

Taking the Next Step

Hip pain and mobility concerns can affect daily activities and overall comfort. Understanding your condition and the available management options allows you to make informed decisions about your care.

An orthopaedic surgeon can assess your symptoms, review relevant investigations, and discuss suitable treatment options based on your individual circumstances. These may include non-surgical management, minimally invasive procedures, or joint replacement surgery, depending on the diagnosis and severity of the condition.

Take the First Step Towards Improved Hip Health

If you are experiencing persistent hip pain or mobility concerns, you may consider consulting our Orthopaedic Surgeon for further evaluation and discussion of appropriate management options.

Book Your Consultation Today

Dr Zackary Chua (蔡克祥医生)

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon (Adult & Paeds)

MBBS (AUS)|MMed (Singapore)|MRCS (Glasgow)|FRCSEd (Orth)

A senior consultant orthopaedic surgeon with dual specialisations in Foot & Ankle Surgery and Paediatric Orthopaedics. Backed by his extensive years of training and experience, Dr Chua brings the necessary knowledge and skills to ensure a smooth recovery journey.

Rooted firmly by two fundamental philosophies: “When one’s feet hurt, one hurts all over” and “Children are not little adults”, Dr Chua’s approach to patient care reflects his compassionate care for adults and children.

Singhealth Quality Excellence Award – Silver (2011)
Service From the Heart Award (2021)
Singapore Health Quality Service Award – Gold (2023)
NUS Medicine Dean’s Award for Teaching Excellence (2023)

His active participation in the medical community extends to mentoring, research supervision, and contributions to key professional forums and symposiums, both locally and internationally.